why do dogs chew on bones

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12-10-2024

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Why Do Dogs Chew on Bones? Unlocking the Instinct Behind the Crunch

Dogs and bones – it’s a classic pairing. But beyond the adorable image of a furry friend gnawing on a bone, there’s a fascinating biological and behavioral reason for this instinct.

The Evolutionary Roots of Bone Chewing:

"The chewing of bones is a natural behavior in dogs, and one that is likely rooted in their evolutionary history as scavengers." - Miller, P.J. (2012). The dog’s diet. In: The Dog: Its Behavior, Nutrition, and Health. Elsevier Inc.

Our canine companions evolved from wolves, who scavenged for food and often consumed bones as a source of nutrients. Chewing on bones served multiple purposes:

• Nutrient absorption: Bones are rich in calcium, phosphorus, and other minerals essential for healthy growth and development.
• Teeth cleaning: The abrasive texture of bone helps scrape plaque and tartar off teeth, promoting dental hygiene.
• Stress relief: The act of chewing can be soothing and release endorphins, providing stress relief.

The Benefits of Responsible Bone Chewing:

"Bone chewing can provide a number of benefits for dogs, including dental health, stress relief, and enrichment." - O'Neill, D.G., et al. (2013). The nutritional and behavioural needs of dogs. The Veterinary Journal, 197(1), 1-10.

While bone chewing is natural, not all bones are safe for dogs. Here's what to consider:

• Raw vs. cooked: Raw bones are generally safer than cooked bones. Cooked bones become brittle and can splinter, leading to choking or internal injuries.
• Size and type: Choose bones appropriate to your dog's size and chewing strength. Larger dogs can handle larger bones, while smaller breeds need smaller, softer options.
• Supervision: Always supervise your dog when they are chewing on bones. Remove any bone fragments that might be swallowed.
• Alternatives: There are safe and healthy alternatives to real bones, such as:
  • Dental chews: Made from durable materials like nylon or rubber, these chews can help clean teeth and satisfy your dog's chewing urge.
  • Rawhide: Though controversial due to potential digestive issues, rawhide can provide chewing satisfaction.

When to Avoid Bones:

"There are some situations where bone chewing may be contraindicated, such as in dogs with certain medical conditions." - O'Neill, D.G., et al. (2013). The nutritional and behavioural needs of dogs. The Veterinary Journal, 197(1), 1-10.

Some dogs should avoid bones altogether, including:

• Puppies: Young dogs have developing teeth and are prone to choking.
• Dogs with dental issues: Dogs with weakened teeth or gum disease can be at risk for injury.
• Dogs with digestive problems: Some dogs are prone to digestive upset or intestinal blockage from bone fragments.

The Bottom Line:

Bone chewing is a natural instinct in dogs, but it's crucial to do it responsibly. By understanding the risks and benefits, you can provide your furry friend with a safe and enriching chewing experience. Always consult your veterinarian if you have any concerns about bone chewing for your dog.